Spatial Characterization of Electromagnetic Random Channels

The majority of stochastic channel models rely on the electromagnetic far-field assumption, which allows to decompose in terms plane waves. assumption breaks down future applications that push towards near-field region, such as those where use electromagnetically large antenna arrays is envisioned. Motivated by this consideration, we show how physical principles can be used derive a plane-wave scalar model also valid reactive region. Precisely, narrowband wave propagation through three-dimensional scattered medium generally modeled linear and space-variant system. We first review physics lead closed-form deterministic representation impulse response. This serves basis for deriving statistically independent Gaussian random coefficients spatially stationary environments. very desirable property spatial stationarity always retained radiative region excluding mechanisms confined close proximity source. Remarkably, provided directly connected Fourier spectral general field.